苦杏仁提取物苦杏仁甙

來源: 苦杏仁籽

有效成分: 苦杏仁甙

拉丁名: Semen Armeniacae Amarum

規格: 1%-99%

檢測方式: HPLC UV

級別: 食品級別

外觀: 白色精細粉末

提取方式: 溶劑提取

苦杏仁甙簡介

杏仁甙主要存在於苦杏、苦扁桃、桃、油桃(nectarines)、枇杷、李子、蘋果、黑櫻桃等果仁和葉子中,苦杏仁皮中不含苦杏仁甙。苦杏仁甙由龍膽二糖和苦杏仁睛組成的β-型糖苷,分子式:C20H27NO11,分子量:457.43。其三水合物為斜方柱狀結晶,熔點200℃,無水物熔點約有20℃,[α]:20D-42℃。1g可溶于12mlH2O,900ml乙醇及11ml乙醇,易溶于沸水。

苦杏仁,味苦、微溫、歸肺、大腸經。富含蛋白質、糖類、胡蘿蔔素、脂肪、維生素B族、維生素C、還含有苦杏仁甙、脂肪油、膳食纖維、鈣元素,鉀元素,鎂元素及8種脂肪酸等等營養成分。具有止咳平喘、潤腸通便的功效。苦杏仁中的苦杏仁苷有鎮痛作用,還可以殺死癌細胞,延長癌症病人壽命;含有的胡蘿蔔素還有抑制肺癌、預防腫瘤的作用,能提高人體的免疫力;而且含有的脂肪油還能潤便通腸、促進皮膚微循環,起到美容作用。
【產品名稱】苦杏仁甙
【英文名稱 】amygdalin
【產品來源】苦杏仁
【主要成分】苦杏仁甙
【提取規格】98%  99%
【產品性狀】白色晶體粉末
【功效用途】:鎮咳、平喘、鎮痛

苦杏仁甙的功效:

1.鎮咳、平喘, 抗炎、鎮痛作用

2.對消化系統的作用 

3.抗腫瘤作用 ,能降血脂血糖

4.美容作用

 

苦杏仁甙的應用:

1.製藥業

2.食品行業

3.護膚品行業

4.保健品行業

 

苦杏仁甙HPLC含量測定

HPLC法測定苦杏仁甙含量的操作規程

起草單位:長沙上禾生物科技有限公司

日期:

目  的:HPLC法測定苦杏仁甙含量的操作規程

責任人:QC員。

內  容:

1、 試劑

1.1乙腈(HPLC級)

1.2 蒸餾水(AR級)

1.3磷酸(HPLC級)

1.4 甲醇(HPLC級)

2、 對照品

苦杏仁甙(購自中國藥品生物制品檢定所)

3、 儀器和用具

3.1 電子天平(1/100000)

3.2 玻璃儀器:100ml容量瓶

3.3 安捷倫1220 HPLC

4、液相條件

4.1流動相:乙腈一0.1%磷酸溶液(8:92)

4.2檢測波長:207nm

4.3流速:1ml/min

4.4柱溫:30℃

5 、  操作步驟

5.1 對照品溶液的制備:在110℃乾燥至恆重的苦杏仁苷對照品適量,精密稱定,加甲醇製成每1m1含40μlg的溶液,即得

 5.2樣品溶液制備  精密稱取在110℃乾燥至恆重的苦杏仁甙,精密稱定,加甲醇製成每1m1含40μlg的溶液,即得

6、檢測

取對照品溶液和樣品溶液0.22μm針孔過濾器過濾,進樣20µl,根據峰面積計算樣品含量。

含量按以下公式計算:

           A2 x C1 x T

   R=------------------------- x 100

       A1 x C2

C1: 對照品的參考濃度,mg/ml

C2: 樣品的參考濃度,mg/ml

A1: 對照品溶液的色譜主峰值面積

A2: 樣品溶液的色譜主峰值面積

T:  對照品的含量

參考文獻:

 

 1.Akahori, A. and Kagawa, K., Enzymatic hydrolysis of amygdalin in “Tōnin,” “Kyōnin” and a traditional preparation containing “Tōnin”. Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 37, 241–247 (1983).

2.Cairns, T., Froberg, J. E., Gonzales, S., Langham, W. S., Stamp, J. J., Howie, J. K., and Sawyer, D. T., Analytical chemistry of amygdalin. Anal. Chem., 50, 317–322 (1978).
3.Culliton, B. J. and Sloan-Kettering: The Trials of an Apricot Pit. Science, 182, 1000–1001 (1973).
4.Dybowski, R., Examination of amygdalin preparations. Anal. Proc., 18, 316–318(1978).
5.Fischer, E., Ueber ein neudes dem amygdalin ahnliches glucosid. Ber. Deut. Chem. Ges., 28, 1508–1511(1985).
6.Heisman, D. R. and Knight, D. J., The enzymic hydrolysis of amygdalin. Biochem. J., 103, 528–534(1967).
7.Hwang, E. Y., Lee, J. H., Lee, Y. M., and Hong, S. P., Reversephase HPLC separation of D-amygdalin and neoamygdalin and optimum conditions for inhibition of racemization of amygdalin. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 50, 1373–1375 (2002).
8.Isozaki, T., Matano, Y., Yamamoto, K., Kosaka, N., and Tani, T., Quantitative determination of amygdalin epimers by cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A, 923, 249–254 (2001).
9.Koo, J. Y., Hwang, E. Y., Cho, S. H., Lee, J. H., Lee, Y. M., and Hong, S. P., Quantitative determination of amygdalin epimers from armeniacae semen by liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. B, 814, 69–73 (2005).
10.Smith, D. J. and Weber, J. D., Preparative and analytical separation of amygdalin and related compounds in injectables and tablets by reversed-phase HPLC and the effect of temperature on the separation. J. Chromatogr. Sci., 22, 94–98 (1984).
11.Stobaugh, J. E., Sternson, L. A., and Repta, A. J., Clinical method for analysis of amygdalin in human-plasma. Anal. Lett., 9, 753–764 (1978).
12.Takayama, Y. and Kawai, S., Improved gas chromatography of amygdalin and its diastereomer. J. Chromatogr., 197, 240–245 (1980).
13.Takayama, Y. and Kawai, S., Study on the prevention of racemization of amygdalin. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 32, 778–781(1984).
14.Xu, L. and Wang, W., Xing Ren (apricot kernel, semen pruni armeniacae). Chin. Mater. Med., 431–432 (2002). 
15.The Pharmacokinetics of Amygdalin
A. G. Rauws, M. Olling, A. Timmerman in Archives of Toxicology (1982)
16.Improvement of the extraction efficiency of d-amygdalin from Armeniacae Semen powder through inactivating emulsin and suppressing the epimerization of d-amygdalin
Armeniacae Semen contains not only amygdalin but also emulsin, which is an enzyme that hydrolyzes amygdalin. This hydrolysis reaction has been a major...d-amygdalin, the extraction time was kept to less...d-amygdalin
Ha-Jeong Kwon, Je-Hyun Lee, Seon-Pyo Hong in Archives of Pharmacal Research (2010)

17.THE AMYGDALIN (‘LAETRILE’) CLINICAL TRIAL BY THE NCI
InPharma (1981)

18.Apricot kernal extract (amygdalin): serious health risks
Reactions Weekly (2016)

19.Pharmacology of amygdalin (laetrile) in cancer patients
Plasma and urine concentrations of amygdalin, whole-blood concentrations of cyanide, and...2...) and oral (500-mg tablet) administration of amygdalin. To measure low plasma concentrations of amygdalin following o...

Matthew M. Ames, Thomas P. Moyer, John S. Kovach… in Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology (1981)

20.Prevention of epimerization and quantitative determination of amygdalin in Armeniacae Semen with Schizandrae Fructus solution
Armeniacae Semen not only contains amygdalin, but emulsin also, which is an enzyme that hydrolyzes amygdalin. The extraction yield of amygdalin from Armeniacae Semen was low, due to ... solution was used as the e...

Woo-Sang Joo, Ji-Seon Jeong, Hyogeun Kim, Yong-Moon Lee… in Archives of Pharmacal Research (2006)

21.Application of a quantitative 1H-NMR method for the determination of amygdalin in Persicae semen, Armeniacae semen, and Mume fructus
A quantitative 1H-NMR method (qHNMR) was used to measure the amygdalin content of Persicae semen, Armeniacae semen, and Mume fructus, in each of which amygdalin constitutes a major component. The purity of amygdalin

Rie Tanaka, Akane Nitta, Akito Nagatsu in Journal of Natural Medicines (2014)

22.Simple screening procedure for microorganisms to degrade amygdalin
Amygdalin is a cyanogenic glycoside occurring among others ... screening microbial cultures for their ability to degrade amygdalin is a convenient micro-titre version based...

L. Brimer, G. Tunçel, M. J. R. Nout in Biotechnology Techniques (1993)

23.Pharmacokinetic Effects of Cinnamic Acid, Amygdalin, Glycyrrhizic Acid and Liquiritin on Ephedra Alkaloids in Rats
Ephedra alkaloids, including (EP), pseudo (PEP) and methyl (MEP), are sympathomimetic compounds with known toxicities but many Ephedra (Ephedrae herba...) preparations, such as Ephedra...

Yinghong Tang, Mengkai Zheng, Yu-Lin Chen… in European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Ph… (2017)

24.Cyanide formation in preparations from Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck: Effect of sonication and amygdalin addition
A critical evaluation of a method for recovering HCN from cell extracts is presented. Since crude extracts often bind or metabolize HCN extensively, the HCN recovered by distillation at room temperature repres...

Hans-Siegfried Gewitz, Elfriede K. Pistorius, Helga Voss, Birgit Vennesland in Planta (1976)

25.In vitro and in silico anticancer activity of amygdalin on the SK-BR-3 human breast cancer cell line
In spite of several studies that have shown the cytotoxic effects of amygdalin on the different cancer cell lines, however, the chemopreventive potential of amygdalin on the breast cancer cell line is ... complet...

Bahman Moradipoodeh, Mostafa Jamalan, Majid Zeinali… in Molecular Biology Reports (2019)

26.Über ein neues, dem Amygdalin ähnliches Glucosid
Das Amygdalin, welches bekanntlich durch Emulsin im Sinne der... gespalten wird, ist schon vor 25 Jahren von Hrn. Hugo Schiff1) mit dem ...

Emil Fischer in Untersuchungen Über Kohlenhydrate und Fermente (1884–1908) (1909)

27.Sensitive Monitoring of Amygdalin and 5-Hydroxytryptamine in Food Supplements Using HILIC OH5 Chromatography
Amygdalin is a cyanogenic glycoside found in pits ... Recently, in some countries, food supplements containing amygdalin have been offered for the use in the alternative cancer treatment. The effectivity of amygdalin

Lucie Havlíková, Martina Parmová, Petr Chocholouš, Petr Solich in Food Analytical Methods (2016)

28.The anti-cancer effect of amygdalin on human cancer cell lines
Derived from rosaceous plant seed, amygdalin belongs to aromatic cyanogenic glycoside group, and ... In this study, we objected to investigate amygdalin effect on two antiapoptotic genes (Survivin, XIAP) and two ...

Asghar Arshi, Sayed Mostafa Hosseini… in Molecular Biology Reports (2019)

29.The pharmacokinetics of amygdalin
Amygdalin (d-mandelonitrile-β-d...-gentiobioside) is a cyanogenic glycoside claimed to show anti-cancer activity, sold under the incorrect name “Laetrile”. For a sensible discussion of its alleged activity and it...

A. G. Rauws, M. Olling, A. Timmerman in Archives of Toxicology (1982)

30.Synergistic and protective effect of atorvastatin and amygdalin against histopathological and biochemical alterations in Sprague-Dawley rats with experimental endometriosis
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of combined atorvastatin and amygdalin in a rat model of endometriosis. Tumor ... suggested that combined treatment consisting of atorvastatin a...

Fang Hu, Yichuan Hu, Fangxin Peng in AMB Express (2019)